A Study of Qur’anic Rasm in the Iranian Qur’an Manuscript of 1089 Hijri: An Analysis of

Nurulwahidah Binti Fauzi; Ahmad Huzaifah

Authors

Nurulwahidah Binti Fauzi Associate Prof, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia Author
Ahmad Huzaifah Faculty of Quranic Studies, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800, Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia Author

Keywords:

Rasm al-Qur’an, Iranian Qur’an Manuscript 1089H, Muṣḥaf Madinah, Qur’anic Orthography, Manuscript Comparison

Abstract

The study of Qur'anic manuscripts is crucial for understanding the history and evolution of muṣḥaf writing traditions. The Iranian Qur’an Manuscript, dated 1089H (1678 CE), represents a significant Islamic scholarly treasure, yet a detailed analysis of its Rasm al-Qur'an (Qur’anic orthography) has been lacking. This research addresses the gap by analyzing the Rasm al-Qur'an characteristics in Sūrah al-Kahf of the 1089H Iranian Manuscript and identifying its uniqueness compared to the contemporary Muṣḥaf Madinah. The methodology employed a literature review, direct manuscript observation, and comparative analysis against the Muṣḥaf Madinah, which follows the opinion of Abū Dāwud Sulaimān bin Najāḥ. Additionally, the study used the methodology of Imām al-Suyūṭī, as outlined in al-Itqān fī ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān, as a guiding framework for Rasm al-ʿUthmānī. The results showed significant orthographic variations across six key aspects: letter omission (al-ḥadhf), addition (al-ziyādah), substitution (al-badl), the writing of the hamzah (al-hamz), separation/connection (al-faṣl wa al-waṣl), and words with two readings (mā fīhi qirāʾatān). This study enhances the understanding of Rasm al-Qur’an evolution and the Islamic intellectual legacy, recommending the expansion of comparative analysis to other manuscripts and the intensification of digitalization efforts for preservation and accessibility.

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